Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 52, Issue -, Pages 297-314Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.52.1.297
Keywords
C-3 plants; C-4 plants; carbon metabolism; evolution; transgenic plants
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The majority of terrestrial plants, including many important crops such as rice, wheat, soybean, and potato, are classified as C-3 plants that assimilate atmospheric CO2 directly through the C-3 photosynthetic pathway. C-4 plants such as maize and sugarcane evolved from C-3 plants, acquiring the C-4 photosynthetic pathway to achieve high photosynthetic performance and high water- and nitrogen-use efficiencies. The recent application of recombinant DNA technology has made considerable progress in the molecular engineering of C-4 photosynthesis over the past several years. It has deepened our understanding of the mechanism of C-4 photosynthesis and provided valuable information as to the evolution of the C-4 photosynthetic genes. It also has enabled us to express enzymes involved in the C-4 pathway at high levels and in desired locations in the leaves of C-3 plants for engineering of primary carbon metabolism.
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