Journal
HUMAN HEREDITY
Volume 52, Issue 3, Pages 149-153Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000053370
Keywords
linear trend test; candidate gene associations; X-2 statistical tests
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL &CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [R01DE013276] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIDCR NIH HHS [DE 13276] Funding Source: Medline
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The association of a candidate gene with disease can be efficiently evaluated by a case-control study in which allele frequencies are compared for diseased cases and unaffected controls. However, when the distribution of genotypes in the population deviates from Hardy-Weinberg proportions, the frequency of genotypes - rather than alleles - should be compared by the Armitage test for trend. We present formulas for power and sample size for studies that use Armitage's trend test. The formulas make no assumptions about Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, but do assume random ascertainment of cases and controls, all of whom are independent of one another. We demonstrate the accuracy of the formulas by simulations. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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