Journal
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
Volume 18, Issue 1, Pages 1-8Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1023/A:1011054123304
Keywords
liposomes; Kupffer cells; macrophage; opsonins; phosphatidylserine; complement activation; complement receptors; scavenger receptors
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The interaction of liposomes with blood proteins is believed to play a critical role in the clearance pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of intravenously injected liposomes. In this article we have focused our discussion on the interaction of liposomes with key blood proteins, which include immunoglobulins, complement proteins, apolipoproteins, fetuin, von Willebrand factor, and thrombospondin, and their role in liposome recognition by professional phagocytes and nonmacrophage hepatic cells. Alternatively, macrophages as well as hepatocytes and liver endothelial cells map phagocytose/ endocytose liposomes via direct recognition of phospholipid headgroups. A number of plasma membrane receptors such as lectin receptors, CD14, various classes of scavenger receptors (e.g., classes A, B, and D), Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RII-B2 may participate in phospholipid recognition. These concepts are also discussed.
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