Journal
CEREBRAL CORTEX
Volume 24, Issue 8, Pages 2036-2054Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht056
Keywords
boundary mapping; brain area parcellation; brain networks; individual differences; resting-state functional correlations; snowball sampling
Categories
Funding
- Institute for Aging Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Health Research
- NIH [R01HD057076, NS61144]
- McDonnell Foundation Collaborative Action Award
- Human Connectome Project from the 16 NIH Institutes and Centers [1U54MH091657]
- [P50NS006833]
- [P30NS048056]
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We describe methods for parcellating an individual subject's cortical and subcortical brain structures using resting-state functional correlations (RSFCs). Inspired by approaches from social network analysis, we first describe the application of snowball sampling on RSFC data (RSFC-Snowballing) to identify the centers of cortical areas, subdivisions of subcortical nuclei, and the cerebellum. RSFC-Snowballing parcellation is then compared with parcellation derived from identifying locations where RSFC maps exhibit abrupt transitions (RSFC-Boundary Mapping). RSFC-Snowballing and RSFC-Boundary Mapping largely complement one another, but also provide unique parcellation information; together, the methods identify independent entities with distinct functional correlations across many cortical and subcortical locations in the brain. RSFC parcellation is relatively reliable within a subject scanned across multiple days, and while the locations of many area centers and boundaries appear to exhibit considerable overlap across subjects, there is also cross-subject variability-reinforcing the motivation to parcellate brains at the level of individuals. Finally, examination of a large meta-analysis of task-evoked functional magnetic resonance imaging data reveals that area centers defined by task-evoked activity exhibit correspondence with area centers defined by RSFC-Snowballing. This observation provides important evidence for the ability of RSFC to parcellate broad expanses of an individual's brain into functionally meaningful units.
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