Journal
CEREBRAL CORTEX
Volume 25, Issue 4, Pages 918-926Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht280
Keywords
ECoG; free viewing; gamma; natural image; oscillation
Categories
Funding
- European Science Foundation
- European Union [HEALTH-F2-2008-200728]
- LOEWE program (Neuronale Koordination Forschungsschwerpunkt Frankfurt)
- Netherlands organization for scientific research (VICI) [453-04-002]
- Netherlands organization for scientific research (VENI) [451-09-025]
- Smart Mix Program of the Netherlands Ministry of Economic Affairs
- Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture, and Science
- Ernst Strungmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience
- Max Planck Society
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Gamma-band activity in visual cortex has been implicated in several cognitive operations, like perceptual grouping and attentional selection. So far, it has been studied primarily under well-controlled visual fixation conditions and using well-controlled stimuli, like isolated bars or patches of grating. If gamma-band activity is to subserve its purported functions outside of the laboratory, it should be present during natural viewing conditions. We recorded neuronal activity with a 252-channel electrocorticographic ( ECoG) grid covering large parts of the left hemisphere of 2 macaque monkeys, while they freely viewed natural images. We found that natural viewing led to pronounced gamma-band activity in the visual cortex. In area V1, gamma-band activity during natural viewing showed a clear spectral peak indicative of oscillatory activity between 50 and 80 Hz and was highly significant for each of 65 natural images. Across the ECoG grid, gamma-band activity during natural viewing was present over most of the recorded visual cortex and absent over most remaining cortex. After saccades, the gamma peak frequency slid down to 30-40 Hz at around 80 ms postsaccade, after which the sustained 50-to 80-Hz gamma-band activity resumed. We propose that gamma-band activity plays an important role during natural viewing.
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