Journal
JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
Volume 46, Issue 10, Pages 566-571Publisher
SPRINGER-VERLAG TOKYO
DOI: 10.1007/s100380170022
Keywords
GFAT1; NIDDM; insulin resistance; skeletal muscle; tissue-specific gene
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Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, which plays an important role in hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance. To evaluate the role of GFAT1 expression, we analyzed the expression profiles of GFAT1 mRNA in various human tissues using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. We report here the identification and cDNA cloning of a novel GFAT1splice variant expressed abundantly in skeletal muscle and heart. This subtype, designated GFAT1-L, contains a 54-bp insertion within the GFAT1coding sequence. Recombinant GFAT1-L protein possessed functional GFAT activities and biochemical characteristics similar to GFAT1. Previously, GFAT1 was considered a simplex enzyme. The identification of a novel GFAT1 subtype possessing functional enzymatic activity and tissue-specific expression should provide additional insight into the mechanism of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and diabetes complications.
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