Journal
CEREBRAL CORTEX
Volume 20, Issue 12, Pages 2810-2817Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhq027
Keywords
genetic fate mapping; inducible gene deletion; interneuron distribution; interneuron subtypes; temporally specific loss of function
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Funding
- Japan Science Technology Corporation
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan
- Naito Foundation
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Cortical GABAergic interneurons are divided into various subtypes, with each subtype contributing to rich variety and fine details of inhibition. Despite the functional importance of each interneuron subtype, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to sorting them to their appropriate positions within the cortex remain unclear. Here, we show that the chemokine receptor CXCR4 regulates the regional and layer-specific distribution of interneuron subtypes. We removed Cxcr4 specifically in a subset of interneurons at a specific mouse embryonic developmental stage and analyzed the number of interneurons and their laminar distribution in 9 representative cortical regions comprehensively in adults. We found that the number of Cxcr4-deleted calretinin- and that of neuropeptide Y-expressing interneurons were reduced in most caudomedial and lateral cortical regions, respectively, and also in superficial layers. In addition, Cxcr4-deleted somatostatin-expressing interneurons showed a reduction in the number of superficial layers in certain cortical regions but of deep layers in others. These findings suggest that CXCR4 is required for proper regional and laminar distribution in a wider interneuron subpopulation than previously thought and may regulate the establishment of functional cortical circuitry in certain cortical regions and layers.
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