Excessive alcohol consumption favours high risk polyp or colorectal cancer occurrence among patients with adenomas: a case control study

Background and aims: Excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for developing colorectal adenomas. This study aimed to investigate the influence of excessive alcohol consumption on the occurrence of high risk polyps (adenoma greater than or equal to 10 mm, villous component, high grade dysplasia) or colorectal cancer among patients with at least one colonic adenoma. Patients and methods: Three groups of patients with at least one colorectal adenoma were included in a case control study: 401 heavy drinkers (group HD, mean daily alcohol intake 117 (SD 4) g/day for a mean duration of 22 (SD 0.6) years), aged 57 (0.5) years (78% men); 152 patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), aged 61 (0.9) years (57% male); and 108 patients with a family history (FH) of colorectal adenoma or cancer, aged 55 (1) years (64% male). Exclusion criteria were: anaemia, haematochezia, personal history of colorectal adenoma or cancer, and for groups HD and IBS a family history of colorectal adenoma and/or cancer. Relative risks were estimated by,the odds ratio (OR) using a logistic regression model and were expressed with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: After age and sex adjustment, the likelihood of having an adenoma greater than or equal to 10 mm was higher in group HD than in the IBS group (OR 1.8, 95% CI (1.2-2.7)) and the likelihood of having high risk adenomas or cancer was higher in group HD compared with the IBS group (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1)) and the FH group although this was not significant (OR 1.6, 95% CI (0.97-2.6) (p=0.081); 90% CI (1.03-2.4)). After age and sex adjustment, the likelihood of having an adenoma with high. grade dysplasia or cancer was higher in group HD than in the IBS group (OR 1.7, 95% CI (1.02-2.8)) or group FH, although this: was not significant (OR 3.7, 95% CI (0.98-15) (p=0.076); 90% CI (1.10-12.47)). Conclusion: In patients with at least one colorectal adenoma, excessive alcohol consumption increases the likelihood of developing high risk adenomas or colorectal cancer.