Effect of cellulose nanofibers on induced polymerization of aniline and formation of nanostructured conducting composite

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), derived from the most abundant and renewable biopolymer, are known as natural one-dimensional nanomaterials because of their high aspect ratio. CNFs also are rich in hydroxyl groups, offering opportunities for functionalization toward development of high-value nanostructured composites. Herein, CNFs were extracted from poplar wood powder by chemical pretreatment combined with high-intensity ultrasonication, and then coated with polyaniline (PANI) through in situ polymerization. The PANI-coated CNFs formed nanostructured frameworks around PANI, thereby conferring the CNF/PANI composite with stability and higher charge transport. The optimum PANI content to achieve maximum conductivity of CNF/PANI composites was determined. The morphology, crystall structure, chemical composition, and conductivity of the samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and four-point probe method, respectivily. Our results demonstrated that CNFs can be effective as a template for a flexible and stable conducting polymer to form higher-order nanostructures.