Journal
CELLULOSE
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 1829-1840Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-013-9942-2
Keywords
Cellulose nanowhiskers; Ionic liquids; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate; Cellulose I
Funding
- European funds for Regional Development
- Department of Agriculture and Consumer Protection (MLR) of Baden-Wurttemberg through the Cluster initiative Forst und Holz
- Elisabeth and Barbara Grammel foundation at the University of Freiburg
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Cellulose I nanowhiskers were prepared in relatively high yield (48 +/- A 2 %) by single-stage hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose with an aqueous solution of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Bmim]HSO4). This reaction occurred under mildly acidic reaction conditions with an [H+]/[AGU] ratio of 0.24 mol/mol, i.e., 2 orders of magnitude lower than with concentrated sulfuric acid. The nanowhiskers exhibited small width and width distribution and also smaller length than nanowhiskers obtained with concentrated acid. With a relatively low content of sulfur they also exhibited higher thermal stability than whiskers obtained with concentrated sulfuric acid. The lower solvating power of the aqueous ionic liquid compared to that of concentrated sulfuric acid likely contributes to the greater hydrolysis efficiency in the present system.
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