Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 185, Issue 1, Pages 53-60Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1086/338099
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Longitudinal changes in neutralizing antibody responses against autologous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 were investigated in 19 chronically infected patients who were undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Reconstitution of or increase in neutralization activity was observed in 4 of 19 patients during HAART, but neutralization activity was more or less unchanged in most patients. Three of 4 patients with increased neutralization activity had low-level viral rebound (blips) during HAART. No correlation was found between neutralization activity and HIV-specific CD4(+) T cell frequencies. There was a correlation between neutralization activity and CD4(+) T cell counts. The reconstituted antibody represented limited cross-reactivity, compared with that of preexisting antibody. Binding activity to monomeric gp120, V2, and V3 peptides was reduced. Both prolonged virus suppression, for CD4(+) T cell recovery, and blips, for stimulation of the immune system in vivo, may be required for development of neutralizing antibody in vivo.
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