Journal
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
Volume 20, Issue 6, Pages 1010-1018Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.12.006
Keywords
ceramide; ceramide signal; fumonisin BI; protein kinase C; salvage pathway; sphingosine; sphingolipid
Categories
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA097132, CA 97132, R01 CA087584, P01 CA097132-05, R01 CA087584-08] Funding Source: Medline
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Sphingolipids are important components of eukaryotic cells, many of which function as bioactive signaling molecules. Of these, ceramide is a central metabolite and plays key roles in a variety of cellular responses, including regulation of cell growth, viability, differentiation, and senescence. Ceramide is composed of the long-chain sphingoid base, sphingosine, in N-linkage to a variety of acyl groups. Sphingosine serves as the product of sphingolipid catabolism, and it is mostly salvaged through reacylation, resulting in the generation of ceramide or its derivatives. This recycling of sphingosine is termed the salvage pathway, and recent evidence points to important roles for this pathway in ceramide metabolism and function. A number of enzymes are involved in the salvage pathway, and these include sphingomyelinases, cerebrosidases, ceramidases, and ceramide synthases. Recent studies suggest that the salvage pathway is not only subject. to regulation, but it also modulates the formation of ceramide and subsequent ceramide-dependent cellular signals. This review focuses on the salvage pathway in ceramide metabolism, its regulation, its experimental analysis, and emerging biological functions. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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