Journal
LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE
Volume 30, Issue 2, Pages 141-148Publisher
WILEY-LISS
DOI: 10.1002/lsm.10015
Keywords
optoacoustic; PVDF; acoustic transducer; Q-switched; acrylamide; optical fiber; skin
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [P41RR001192] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL064218] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES [R01AR043419] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM062177] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01192] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-64218] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAMS NIH HHS [AR43419] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62177] Funding Source: Medline
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Background and Objective: Successful laser treatment of port wine stain PWS) birthmarks requires knowledge of lesion geometry. Laser parameters, such as pulse duration, wavelength, and radiant exposure, and other treatment parameters, such as cryogen spurt duration, need to be optimized according to epidermal melanin content and lesion depth. We designed, constructed, and clinically tested a photoacoustic probe for PWS depth determination. Study Design /Materials and Methods: Energy from a frequency-doubled, Nd:YAG laser (lambda=532 nm, tau(p)=4 nanoseconds) was coupled into two 1,500 pm optical fibers fitted into an acrylic handpiece containing a piezoelectric acoustic detector. Laser light induced photoacoustic waves in tissue phantoms and a patient's PWS. The photoacoustic propagation time was used to calculate the depth of the embedded absorbers and PWS lesion. Results: Calculated chromophore depths in tissue phantoms were within 10% of the actual depths of the phantoms. PWS depths were calculated as the sum of the epidermal thickness, determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the epidermal-to-PWS thickness, determined photoacoustically. PWS depths were all in the range of 310-570 mum. The experimentally determined PWS depths were within 20% of those measured by optical Doppler tomography (ODT). Conclusions: PWS lesion depth can be determined by a photoacoustic method that utilizes acoustic propagation time. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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