Journal
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 230, Issue 1-2, Pages 97-106Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1023/A:1014209711793
Keywords
phototransduction; membrane bound guanylate cyclases; guanylate cyclase-activating proteins; Ca2+-signaling
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Funding
- NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE [R01EY010828] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NEI NIH HHS [EY 10828] Funding Source: Medline
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Two membrane bound guanylate cyclases are expressed in vertebrate photoreceptor cells. They serve a key function in photoreceptor physiology as they synthesize the intracellular transmitter of photoexcitation guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). Both cyclases named ROS-GC1 and ROS-GC2 form a subclass of membrane bound cyclases and differ in many aspects from hormone peptide receptor guanylate cyclases. One unique feature is their regulation by three small Ca2+-binding proteins called GCAPs. These regulatory proteins sense changes in the cytoplasmic Ca2+-concentration [Ca2+] during illumination and activate ROS-GCs when the [Ca2+] decreases below the value in a dark adapted cell of 500-600 nM. Recent work has identified the target regions of GCAP-1 in ROS-GC1. In addition to GCAPs several other proteins including aktin, tubulin, a glutamic-acid-rich protein and a GTPase accelerating protein (RGS9) were found to interact with ROS-GC1 and probably form a multiprotein complex.
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