A new sample introduction system for atomic spectrometry combining vapour generation and nebulization capacities

The Multimode Sample Introduction System(TM) (MSIS(TM), patent pending), a system that combines the benefits of nebulization and vapour generation in a single device, is described. MSIS(TM) delivers detection limits 10- (for Te at 238.578 nm) to 90-fold (for Sb at 217.582 nm) lower than conventional nebulization for a variety of elements that can be transformed into volatile species by reduction of aqueous ions, in the appropriate oxidation state, with tetrahydroborate(III). The device provides similar sensitivities and significantly improves precision compared with a frit-based gas-liquid separator for hydride-forming elements. In addition, the device minimizes the transfer of solution from the vapour generation process to the excitation source but retains similar efficiency of mass transfer when used for conventional nebulization. MSIS(TM) can be operated as either a vapour generator or as a conventional spray chamber, separately or simultaneously, while retaining the sensitivity and detection limits of both modes of sample introduction.