Journal
CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 260, Issue 2, Pages 75-82Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2009.10.006
Keywords
Duchenne muscular dystrophy; Endometrial regenerative cells; Mesenchymal stem cells; Regenerative medicine; Cord blood stem cells; T regulatory cells; Inflammation; Immune modulation; Stem cell therapy
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal X-linked musculodegenerative condition consisting of an underlying genetic defect whose manifestation is augmented by inflammatory mechanisms. Previous treatment approaches using gene replacement, exon-skipping or allogeneic cell therapy have been relatively unsuccessful. The only intervention to mediate improvement in survival, albeit minor, is glucocorticoid treatment. Given this modality appears to function via suppression of underlying inflammation; we focus this review on the inflammatory response as a target for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy. In contrast to other cell based therapies attempted in DMD, MSC have the advantages of (a) ability to fuse with and genetically complement dystrophic muscle; (b) possess anti-inflammatory activities; and (c) produce trophic factors that may augment activity of endogenous repair cells. We conclude by describing one practical scenario of stem cell therapy for DMD. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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