Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 71, Issue 12, Pages 2271-2288Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1554-3
Keywords
Smooth muscle cell; Embryo; Vascular disease; Disease modeling; Stem cell
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Funding
- British Heart Foundation [FS/13/29/30024, NH/11/1/28922]
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
- Cambridge University Commonwealth Scholarship
- Medical Research Council Cambridge Cardiovascular Consortium
- British Heart Foundation [NH/11/1/28922, FS/13/29/30024] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G1000847, G0800784] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0800784, G1000847] Funding Source: UKRI
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Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) arise from multiple origins during development, raising the possibility that differences in embryological origins between SMCs could contribute to site-specific localization of vascular diseases. In this review, we first examine the developmental pathways and embryological origins of vascular SMCs and then discuss in vitro strategies for deriving SMCs from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We then review in detail the potential for vascular disease modeling using iPSC-derived SMCs and consider the pathological implications of heterogeneous embryonic origins. Finally, we touch upon the role of human ESC-derived SMCs in therapeutic revascularization and the challenges remaining before regenerative medicine using ESC- or iPSC-derived cells comes of age.
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