Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 69, Issue 18, Pages 3027-3036Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-0973-x
Keywords
Paraspeckles; Nuclear structures; NEAT1; Noncoding RNA
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Funding
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21228003, 23370093] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The nucleus of higher eukaryotes, such as humans and mice, is compartmentalized into multiple nuclear bodies, an organization that allows for the regulation of complex gene expression pathways that are characteristic of these organisms. Paraspeckles are recently discovered, mammalian-specific nuclear bodies built on a long, non-protein-coding RNA, NEAT1 (nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1), which assembles various protein components including RNA-binding proteins of the DBHS (Drosophila behavior and human splicing) family. Paraspeckles have been proposed to control several biological processes, such as stress responses and cellular differentiation, but their function at the whole animal level remains unclear. In this review, we summarize a series of studies on paraspeckles that have been carried out in the decade since their discovery and discuss their physiological function and molecular mechanism.
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