Journal
CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH
Volume 99, Issue 1-4, Pages 36-43Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000071572
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [CA68360] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD01177] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM46883, GM61948] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA068360] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM046883, R01GM061948] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Although the process of X inactivation in mammalian cells silences the majority of genes on the inactivated X chromosome, some genes escape this chromosome-wide silencing. Genes that escape X inactivation present a unique opportunity to study the process of silencing and the mechanisms that protect some genes from being turned off. In this review, we will discuss evolutionary aspects of escape from X inactivation, in relation to the divergence of the sex chromosomes. Molecular characteristics, expression, and epigenetic modifications of genes that escape will be presented, including their developmental regulation and the implications of chromatin domains along the X chromosome in modeling the escape process. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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