Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 68, Issue 10, Pages 1681-1702Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0624-z
Keywords
Epigenetics; Networks; Methylation; Histones; MicroRNAs; Oncogenic transformation
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The aberrant epigenetic landscape of a cancer cell is characterized by global genomic hypomethylation, CpG island promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes, and changes in histone modification patterns, as well as altered expression profiles of chromatin-modifying enzymes. Recent advances in the field of epigenetics have revealed that microRNAs' expression is also under epigenetic regulation and that certain microRNAs control elements of the epigenetic machinery. The reversibility of epigenetic marks catalyzed the development of epigenetic-altering drugs. However, a better understanding of the intertwined relationship between genetics, epigenetics and microRNAs is necessary in order to resolve how gene expression aberrations that contribute to tumorigenesis can be therapeutically corrected.
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