Bcl-2 family proteins and mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles and can undergo regulated fission/fragmentation to produce smaller organelles or, alternatively, can undergo fusion to produce tubular or net-like mitochondrial structures. Although some of the molecules that control mitochondrial fission and fusion are known, new molecules and pathways that control this process continue to be discovered, suggesting that this process is more complex than previously appreciated. In addition to their crucial role in the regulation of apoptosis, recent studies have implicated members of the Bcl-2 family in maintenance of the mitochondrial network. Here, we discuss the mechanisms governing mitochondrial fission/fusion and summarize current knowledge concerning the role of Bcl-2 family members in regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics.