Journal
MYCOLOGIA
Volume 95, Issue 6, Pages 1032-1036Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.2307/3761911
Keywords
Baltic amber; Calicium; Chaenotheca; fossil fungi; lichen
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Two species of calicioid lichens (Ascomycota) are reported from Baltic amber dating back 5535 million years ago. The fossils are very similar to some modern Calicium and Chaenotheca species, but because ascus characteristics and photobiont identities cannot be determined they are not assigned to any extant species. Calicioid lichens seem to show a conservative maintenance of morphological adaptations to successful ecological niches, as do several other groups of ascomycetes. The fossils demonstrate that distinguishing features in the morphology of both genera have remained unchanged for at least tens of millions of years. The palaeohabitat of the fossil lichens, viz. that of conifer trunks in a humid, mixed forest, is consistent with the habitat preferences of many modern Calicium and Chaenotheca species.
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