Journal
MEDICAL DECISION MAKING
Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages 76-82Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0272989X02239651
Keywords
infectious diseases; externality; modeling; vaccination; dynamic models
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The unique characteristic of vaccination is that it not only reduces the incidence of disease in those humanized but also indirectly protects nonvaccinated susceptibles against infection (produces herd-immunity). The bulk of economic evaluations of vaccination programs continue to use models that cannot take into account the indirect effects produced by herd-immunity. Here, the authors illustrate the importance of incorporating herd-immunity externalities when assessing the cost-effectiveness of vaccination programs. To do this, they compare 2 methods of estimating the benefits of routine mass vaccination: one that includes herd-immunity (dynamic approach) and one that does not (static approach). Finally, they use the results to clarify a number of misconceptions that are common in the literature concerning herd-immunity and dynamical effects produced by models.
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