Journal
CELL METABOLISM
Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 272-279Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.06.012
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Funding
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
- Finnish Diabetes Association
- Academy of Finland
- University of Turku
- Hospital District of Southwest Finland
- Abo Akademi University
- Swedish Research Council [2009-2590, K2005-32B1-15324-01A]
- Arne and Inge Britt Foundation
- Soderberg Foundation
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research through the Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research
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We investigated the metabolism of human brown adipose tissue (BAT) in healthy subjects by determining its cold-induced and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and blood flow (perfusion) using positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT). Second, we assessed gene expression in human BAT and white adipose tissue (WAT). Glucose uptake was induced 12-fold in BAT by cold, accompanied by doubling of perfusion. We found a positive association between whole-body energy expenditure and BAT perfusion. Insulin enhanced glucose uptake 5-fold in BAT independently of its perfusion, while the effect on WAT was weaker. The gene expression level of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter GLUT4 was also higher in BAT as compared to WAT. In conclusion, BAT appears to be differently activated by insulin and cold; in response to insulin, BAT displays high glucose uptake without increased perfusion, but when activated by cold, it dissipates energy in a perfusion-dependent manner.
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