Journal
CELL CYCLE
Volume 10, Issue 2, Pages 229-240Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/cc.10.2.14472
Keywords
translation initiation; IRES; canonical initiation factors; ITAFs; stress response; eIF2; angiogenesis; mitosis; nutrient-signaling; hyperosmolar stress
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Funding
- National Institute of Health [DK060596, DK053307]
- National American Heart Association [0730120N]
- Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) [RGP0024]
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Translation of cellular mRNAs via initiation at internal ribosome entry sites (IRE Ss) has received increased attention during recent years due to its emerging significance for many physiological and pathological stress conditions in eukaryotic cells. Expression of genes bearing IRE S elements in their mRNAs is controlled by multiple molecular mechanisms, with IRES-mediated translation favored under conditions when cap-dependent translation is compromised. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the field and future directions that may bring us closer to understanding the complex mechanisms that guide cellular IRES-mediated expression. We present examples in which the competitive action of IRES-transacting factors (ITAFs) plays a pivotal role in IRES-mediated translation and thereby controls cell-fate decisions leading to either pro-survival stress adaptation or cell death.
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