Journal
CELL CYCLE
Volume 8, Issue 21, Pages 3462-3468Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/cc.8.21.9835
Keywords
DNA repair; cell cycle checkpoints; microRNA; stress granules; posttranscriptional gene regulation
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Funding
- European Commission [EU-LSHG-CT-2007-036894]
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DNA damage induced by UV irradiation provokes profound changes in gene expression. Both transcriptional regulation and posttranslational modification of proteins have been known for many years, but the involvement of microRNAs in regulation of mRNA translation has been described only recently. This level of gene expression regulation appears to operate at the intermediate time points between fast protein modifications (within minutes) and much slower transcriptional reprogramming (which takes several hours to days to develop). MicroRNAs most clearly contribute to regulation of cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis, but may also influence other aspects of cellular metabolism, differentiation and proliferation. Interestingly, the RNA silencing machinery redistributes into cytoplasmic RNA granules, termed stress granules (SGs), in cells that go through mitosis after UV irradiation. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of the DNA damage response.
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