Bogoliubov sound speed in periodically modulated Bose-Einstein condensates

We study the Bogoliubov excitations of a Bose-condensed gas in an optical lattice having arbitrary spatial dimensions. Of primary interest is the long-wavelength phonon dispersion for both current-free and current-carrying condensates. We obtain the phonon sound speed by carrying out a systematic expansion of the Bogoliubov equations in powers of the phonon wave vector. Our result for the current-carrying case agrees with the one recently obtained by means of a hydrodynamic theory.