Journal
ELECTROPHORESIS
Volume 24, Issue 1-2, Pages 121-129Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/elps.200390003
Keywords
capillary zone electrophoresis; coating; quaternary diamines
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The synthesis of two novel amino compounds, able to quench and reverse the electroosmotic low (EOF) in capillary electrophoresis is here reported. These chemicals are derivatives of two previously described quaternarized piperazines, 1-(4-iodobutyl)-1,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-ium iodide(M1C41)and 1-(4-iodobutyl)4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2] octane iodide (M7C41), believed to bind covalently to the silica surface via alkylation of ionized silanols through their terminal, reactive iodine. The novel compounds, although unable to form a covalent bond, due to lack of the o-butyl iodine, are found to be very efficient in suppressing protein interaction with the wall and reversing the EOF On the basis of their behavior in solution, the minimal structural motifs for strong binding of amino compounds to the silica wall have been derived and are thought to be: (i) the presence of two quaternary nitrogens in the molecule; (ii) a correct distance between said charged nitrogens, represented by a butyl chain (C-4); (iii) an hydrophobic decoration of the molecules, consisting on a high CH2/N ratio (in the present case 8:1).
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