Journal
CELL
Volume 157, Issue 4, Pages 882-896Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.026
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Funding
- Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging
- research council of Norway
- Luke O'Brien Foundation
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program
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Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegeneration and aging. We identify mitochondrial dysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with severe neurodegeneration, in silico and in vivo. XPA-deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excessive cleavage of PINK1 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial abnormalities appear to be caused by decreased activation of the NAD(+)-SIRT1-PGC-1 alpha axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor PARP1. This phenotype is rescued by PARP-1 inhibition or by supplementation with NAD(+) precursors that also rescue the lifespan defect in xpa-1 nematodes. Importantly, this pathogenesis appears common to ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, two other DNA repair disorders with neurodegeneration, but absent in XPC, a DNA repair disorder without neurodegeneration. Our findings reveal a nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk that is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial health.
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