Journal
CELL
Volume 159, Issue 3, Pages 514-529Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.048
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Funding
- Weizmann Institute management
- Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel Center for Personalized Medicine
- Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds PhD Fellowship
- Abisch Frenkel Foundation for the Promotion of Life Sciences
- Gurwin Family Fund for Scientific Research
- Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Crown Endowment Fund for Immunological Research
- estate of Jack Gitlitz
- estate of Lydia Hershkovich
- Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science
- Adelis Foundation
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
- estate of Samuel and Alwyn J. Weber
- European Research Council
- Kenneth Rainin Foundation
- German-Israel Binational foundation
- Israel Science Foundation
- Minerva Foundation
- Rising Tide foundation
- Alon Foundation scholar award
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All domains of life feature diverse molecular clock machineries that synchronize physiological processes to diurnal environmental fluctuations. However, no mechanisms are known to cross-regulate prokaryotic and eukaryotic circadian rhythms in multikingdom ecosystems. Here, we show that the intestinal microbiota, in both mice and humans, exhibits diurnal oscillations that are influenced by feeding rhythms, leading to time-specific compositional and functional profiles over the course of a day. Ablation of host molecular clock components or induction of jet lag leads to aberrant microbiota diurnal fluctuations and dysbiosis, driven by impaired feeding rhythmicity. Consequently, jet-lag-induced dysbiosis in both mice and humans promotes glucose intolerance and obesity that are transferrable to germ-free mice upon fecal transplantation. Together, these findings provide evidence of coordinated metaorganism diurnal rhythmicity and offer a microbiome-dependent mechanism for common metabolic disturbances in humans with aberrant circadian rhythms, such as those documented in shift workers and frequent flyers.
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