Journal
ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN
Volume 324, Issue 4, Pages 369-373Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/asna.200310132
Keywords
Sun : sunspots
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Sunspots and pores appear as a consequence of interactions between strong magnetic fields and moving plasma. A wide variety of small-scale features, presumably of convective origin, are observed in photospheric layers of sunspots and pores: Umbral dots, light bridges, penumbral filaments, and penumbral grains. Each type of features has specific morphological, photometric, spectral, and kinematic characteristics. Spots and pores modify velocity fields in adjacent photosphere and sub-photospheric layers. Recent high-resolution spectral, broad-band, and helioseismic observations of the structure, dynamics, and magnetic fields of sunspots and pores, together with theoretical interpretations, are discussed in this review.
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