Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
Volume 67, Issue 2, Pages 449-461Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv535
Keywords
Cellulose; mechanical feedback; morphogenesis; organogenesis; pectins; plant cell mechanics; plant cell wall; poroelasticity; wall porosity
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Cellular morphogenesis and organogenesis in plants are governed by the cell wall. This review examines the roles of cell wall polysaccharides and their interconnections in regulating morphogenetic processes.Regulation of the mechanical properties of the cell wall is a key parameter used by plants to control the growth behavior of individual cells and tissues. Modulation of the mechanical properties occurs through the control of the biochemical composition and the degree and nature of interlinking between cell wall polysaccharides. Preferentially oriented cellulose microfibrils restrict cellular expansive growth, but recent evidence suggests that this may not be the trigger for anisotropic growth. Instead, non-uniform softening through the modulation of pectin chemistry may be an initial step that precedes stress-induced stiffening of the wall through cellulose. Here we briefly review the major cell wall polysaccharides and their implication for plant cell wall mechanics that need to be considered in order to study the growth behavior of the primary plant cell wall.
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