Journal
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
Volume 50, Issue 17-21, Pages 2675-2700Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0967-0645(03)00141-3
Keywords
Cs-137; Pu-239.240; surface waters; pacific; geographical distribution; temporal change; residence time
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Geographical and temporal variations of anthropogenic radionuclides, Cs-137 and Pu-239,Pu-240, in surface waters of the North Pacific Ocean were studied using the HAM database, which is a comprehensive data set on Cs-137, Pu-239,Pu-240, and other anthropogenic radionuclides. The geographical distributions suggest that Cs-137 and Pu-239,Pu-240 concentrations in surface waters of the Pacific Ocean in the 1960s were controlled by global fallout from the 1961-1962 US and former USSR atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. The changes in surface Cs-137 concentrations in the Pacific that occurred after 1970 were caused by physical processes. In the 1990s, surface Cs-137 showed a homogeneous distribution throughout the Pacific. Biogeochemical and physical processes are important factors controlling surface Pu-239,Pu-240 concentrations. The time-series data on anthropogenic radionuclides suggest that wind-driven circulation, subduction, and upwelling of Pacific surface and subsurface waters control the geographic distributions of anthropogenic radionuclides and their fates. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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