Long-Term Outcome in Patients with ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease Treated with Culprit-Only, Immediate, or Staged Multivessel Percutaneous Revascularization Strategies: Insights from the REAL Registry

ObjectivesTo examine the differences in cardiac outcomes for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease (MVD) as a function of whether they underwent culprit-only primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) or multivessel PCI, either during PPCI or as a staged procedure. BackgroundMVD occurs in about 40% of patients presenting with STEMI, and it has been associated with a worse outcome compared to single-vessel disease. The most favorable PCI strategy for dealing with significant nonculprit lesions has to be established. MethodsA total of 2061 STEMI patients with MVD undergoing PPCI, prospectively enrolled in the REAL Registry between July 2002 and December 2010, were considered: 706 underwent culprit-only PPCI; 367 multivessel PCI during the index procedure; 988 had a staged PCI within 60 days. Mortality and outcomes were calculated at 30 days and 2 years. ResultsAt multivariate analysis, culprit-only PPCI was associated with higher rates of cardiac outcomes as compared to staged multivessel PCI, taken as reference [Hazard Ratio (HR): 2.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34-5.89, P=0.006 for 30-day mortality, and HR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.35-2.74, P=0.0002 for 2-year mortality, respectively]. Short-term mortality rates were higher in multivessel PCI group as compared to staged PCI group (HR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.06-6.26, P=0.03); no differences were observed at 2-year follow-up (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.64-1.82, P=0.76). ConclusionsOur findings support the current guidelines recommendation to perform culprit-only PPCI in STEMI patients with MVD without hemodynamic compromise, followed by a staged PCI of noninfarct-related significant lesions. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.