Journal
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
Volume 20, Issue 1, Pages 11-18Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
DOI: 10.1089/088922204322749459
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Funding
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [P51RR000166] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [N01AI065311] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00166] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI-51650, AI-65311, AI-15450] Funding Source: Medline
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The cyanobacterial protein cyanovirin-N (CV-N) potently inactivates diverse strains of HIV-1 and other lentiviruses due to irreversible binding of CV-N to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120. In this study, we show that recombinant CV-N effectively blocks HIV-1(Ba-L) infection of human ectocervical explants. Furthermore, we demonstrate the in vivo efficacy of CV-N gel in a vaginal challenge model by exposing CV-N-treated female macaques ( Macaca fascicularis) to a pathogenic chimeric SIV/HIV-1 virus, SHIV89.6P. All of the placebo-treated and untreated control macaques ( 8 of 8) became infected. In contrast, 15 of 18 CV-N-treated macaques showed no evidence of SHIV infection. Further, CV-N produced no cytotoxic or clinical adverse effects in either the in vitro or in vivo model systems. Together these studies suggest that CV-N is a good candidate for testing in humans as an anti-HIV topical microbicide.
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