Journal
SEX ROLES
Volume 50, Issue 1-2, Pages 1-14Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1023/B:SERS.0000011068.42663.ce
Keywords
gender differences; infant development; eye contact; gender development
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The purpose of this study was to examine the origins of gender differences in mutual gaze between infants and unfamiliar adults, using a prospective longitudinal design. Infant gaze behavior was measured twice: 13-112-hr and 13-18-weeks postpartum. Gender differences were found at Visit 2 due to an increase in girls' gaze behavior. Girls also made more eye contact in female-female dyads and in the second interaction over the first. Boys' behavior remained unchanged over time. The data provide evidence for gender differences in mutual gaze in a younger sample and wider context than previously demonstrated. Results are discussed in the context of social learning (i.e., Martin & Fabes, 2001, theory of singular polarization) and psychobiological theories of gender development.
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