Journal
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC RESEARCH
Volume 42, Issue 6, Pages 616-629Publisher
INT ASSN HYDRAULIC RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1080/00221686.2004.9628315
Keywords
calibration; floods; modelling; open channels; rivers; roughness; stage-discharge relationships
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The prediction of the stage-discharge relationship for rivers in flood is described by a finite element model of depth-averaged turbulent flow, calibrated using three hydraulic coefficients governing local bed friction, lateral eddy viscosity and depth-averaged secondary flow. The resulting lateral distributions of depth-averaged velocity are subsequently integrated to yield the stage-discharge relationship. The calibration of the model involves the establishment of simplifying hypotheses for certain coefficients in order to give the correct depth-mean velocity and boundary shear, both across the channel and with stage. Comparisons against some experimental data from the UK Flood Channel Facility, for channels with trapezoidal and compound cross-sections, help develop the calibration philosophy for both inbank and overbank flows. Numerical experiments with the coherence method for a hypothetical river are used to extend the model calibration to rivers with homogeneous and heterogeneous roughness. Applications of the model to simulating the flow in a number of natural valley and mountain rivers serve to test hypotheses and results obtained at a real scale.
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