Journal
CATALYSIS TODAY
Volume 168, Issue 1, Pages 96-111Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.12.033
Keywords
Hierarchical ZSM-5; Zeolite synthesis; Organosilane; Acid activity; Benzene oxidation
Funding
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
- Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Science
- Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology
- Technology Foundation STW
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The crystallization of hierarchical ZSM-5 in the presence of the organosilane octadecyl-dimethyl-(3-trimethoxysilyl-propyl)-ammonium chloride as the mesoporogen was investigated as a function of time and temperature. The synthesis by this method proceeds in two steps. The rapid formation of a predominantly amorphous disordered mesoporous aluminosilicate precursor phase is followed by the formation of globular highly mesoporous zeolite particles involving dissolution of the precursor phase. It is difficult to completely convert the initial phase into the final hierarchical zeolite. This limits the amount of aluminium built into the MFI network and the resulting Bronsted acidity. In the presence of iron, more crystalline hierarchical zeolite is obtained. These Fe-containing zeolites are excellent catalysts for the selective oxidation of benzene to phenol. Their hierarchical pore structure leads to higher reaction rates due to increased mass transfer and increased catalyst longevity despite more substantial coke formation. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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