Journal
ILAR JOURNAL
Volume 45, Issue 3, Pages 231-236Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ilar.45.3.231
Keywords
complications; diagnosis; pathology; therapy; type 1 diabetes
Categories
Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL55667] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL055667] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. With the number of cases expected to increase rapidly in the years to come, diabetes is a growing health challenge worldwide. Of the approximately 16 million diabetics in the United States, about 1.5 million suffer from type 1 diabetes. In this catabolic disorder afflicting predominantly young individuals, blood insulin is almost completely absent, leading to hyperglycemia and alterations in lipid metabolism. Type 1 diabetes is thought to be induced by a toxic or infectious insult that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. With recent advances in the understanding of the involved immunology and cellular and molecular mechanisms, researchers strive to battle the disease with new preventive and corrective strategies.
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