Journal
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 49, Issue 5-6, Pages 155-163Publisher
IWA PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.2166/wst.2004.0749
Keywords
ammonium; Anammox; granule; methanogenic; nitrate; nitrite; nutrient removal; UASB
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Experimental studies were performed to evaluate the feasibility of granulation of Anammox microorganisms for biomass retention in up-flow reactors. Two experimental studies, one using a 6.4-L lab-scale reactor with synthetic medium and the other using a 200-L pilot-scale reactor with half-nitrified reject water from a sludge digester were conducted. To enhance the granulation process, seed granules from a UASB reactor were added to both experimental reactors. Granulation of Anammox microorganisms was observed using both the synthetic medium and the reject water. The core of a large proportion of Anammox granules retained part of the original seed biomass. The Anammox granules had a slightly lower density than the seed granules from the UASB process, but the size and other physical properties were comparable. The successful granulation of the Anammox microorganisms led to a stable nitrogen removal performance. The maximum nitrogen removal rate of the lab-scale reactor was observed to be 2.9 kg/(m(3.)d) after 173 days of operation and that of the pilot-scale reactor was 6.4 kg/(m(3.)d) after 12 months of operation.
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