Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
Volume 108, Issue 1, Pages 104-108Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11375
Keywords
prostate cancer; 25(OH)-vitamin D-3; serum bank
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Vitamin D inhibits the development and growth of prostate cancer cells. Epidemiologic results on serum vitamin D levels and prostate cancer risk have, however, been inconsistent. We conducted a longitudinal nested case-control study on Nordic men (Norway, Finland and Sweden) using serum banks of 200,000 samples. We studied serum 25(OH)-vitamin D levels of 622 prostate cancer cases and 1,451 matched controls and found that both low (less than or equal to19 nmol/l) and high (greater than or equal to80 nmol/l) 2S(OH)-vitamin D serum concentrations are associated with higher prostate cancer risk. The normal average serum concentration of 2S(OH)-vitamin D (40-60 nmol/l) comprises the lowest risk of prostate cancer. The U-shaped risk of prostate cancer might be due to similar 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 availability within the prostate: low vitamin D serum concentration apparently leads to a low tissue concentration and to weakened mitotic control of target cells, whereas a high vitamin D level might lead to vitamin D resistance through increased inactivation by enhanced expression of 24-hydroxylase. It is recommended that vitamin D deficiency be supplemented, but too high vitamin D serum level might also enhance cancer development. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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