Journal
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
Volume 86, Issue 2, Pages 219-225Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq075
Keywords
Caveolin; Caveolae; Cardiovascular; Cell biology; Nitric oxide
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01 HL64793, R01 HL61371, R01 HL57665, P01 HI70295]
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL064793, R01HL057665, R01HL061371, P01HL070295] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Caveolae are specialized lipid rafts that form flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane. They are involved in cell signalling and transport and have been shown critically regulate vascular reactivity and blood pressure. The organization and functions of caveolae are mediated by coat proteins (caveolins) and support or adapter proteins (cavins). The caveolins, caveolin-1, -2, and -3, form the structural backbone of caveolae. These proteins are also highly integrated into caveolae function and have their own activity independent of caveolae. The cavins, cavins 1-4, are involved in regulation of caveolae and modulate the function of caveolins by promoting the membrane remodelling and trafficking of caveolin-derived structures. The relationships between these different proteins are complex and intersect with many aspects of cell function. Caveolae have also been implicated in chronic inflammatory conditions and other pathologies including atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, muscular dystrophy, and generalized dyslipidaemia. The pathogenic role of the caveolins is an emerging area, however, the roles of cavins in disease is just beginning to be explored. This review will examine the relationship between caveolins and cavins and explore the role of caveolae in inflammatory signalling mechanisms.
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