Journal
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
Volume 85, Issue 2, Pages 312-320Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp309
Keywords
Ubiquitin-proteasome system; Proteasome inhibitor; Myocardial infarction; Myocardial ischaemia; reperfusion injury; Cardioprotection; G-protein-coupled receptor kinase
Categories
Funding
- Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (OCAST)
- American Heart Association
- Veteran Affairs Medical Center
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The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a central role in protein degradation and regulates a variety of critical cellular processes. During recent years, the cardiac UPS has become increasingly recognized as a key regulator of cardiac function under both physiological and pathological conditions. Numerous studies have demonstrated that altered UPS function is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease including myocardial ischaemia or infarction. The expression and activity of the E3 ubiquitin ligases, which confer substrate specificity in the UPS pathway, affect the apoptosis and severity of disease in myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. Although impaired proteasome function is commonly associated with myocardial ischaemic injury, recent evidence also supports a cardioprotective role for proteasome inhibitors in myocardial ischaemia. We will review these studies and data, discuss controversies regarding the UPS alterations and use of proteasome inhibitors in myocardial ischaemia, and attempt to identify strategies that may enhance their clinical application.
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