A primal-dual algorithm for shakedown analysis of structures

The paper describes a primal-dual algorithm for shakedown analysis of structures with the use of kinematically admissible finite elements. Starting from Koiter kinematic theorem, a primal-dual optimization condition is established by adopting static terms as complementary variables. Newton-like iterations are performed to give both upper and quasi-lower bounds of the load factor that converge rapidly to the accurate solution of shakedown limit. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.