Breakthroughs in optimization of mechanical properties of nanostructured metals and alloys

While nanocrystalline metals can have strength and hardness values factors of 10 or more greater than their conventional grain size counterparts, ductility in tension has been disappointing, typically less than 2% elongation. This paper reviews the limitations to ductility in nanocrystalline materials and presents the results of recent breakthroughs wherein both high strength and good ductility are observed.