Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
Volume 33, Issue 1, Pages 23-28Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0363546504265678
Keywords
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL); familial predisposition; risk factor; case control; questionnaire
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Purpose: A study of 171 surgical cases and 171 matched controls was conducted to investigate whether a familial predisposition toward tearing the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee exists. Study Design: Case control, study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with an anterior cruciate ligament tear were matched by age (within 5 years), gender, and primary sport to subjects without an anterior cruciate ligament tear. All 342 subjects completed a questionnaire detailing their family history of anterior cruciate ligament tears. Results: When controlling for subject age and number of relatives, participants with an anterior cruciate ligament tear were twice as likely to have a relative (first, second, or third degree) with an anterior cruciate ligament tear compared to participants without an anterior cruciate ligament tear (adjusted odds ratio = 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-3.33). When the analysis was limited to include only first-degree relatives, participants with an anterior cruciate ligament tear were slightly greater than twice as likely to have a first-degree relative with an anterior cruciate ligament tear compared to participants without an anterior cruciate ligament tear (adjusted odds ratio = 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-4.00). Conclusions: Findings are consistent with a familial predisposition toward tearing the anterior cruciate ligament. Clinical Relevance: Future research should concentrate on identifying the potentially modifiable risk factors that may be passed through families and developing strategies for the prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries.
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