On the solar cycle-QBO relationship: a summary

We have shown in several recent publications that it is necessary to group the data according to the phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) throughout the year, in order to find a clear signal of the 11-year sunspot cycle (SSC)This work is summarized here. It is the purpose of this paper (1) to update earlier results of the solar cycle-QBO relationship for the northern winter and southern spring, (2) to stress the interaction between the hemispheres and (3) to summarize the influence of the QBO on the solar signal, as well as the influence of the solar signal on the QBO. For this the constructed annual mean of the solar cycle-QBO relationship is introduced. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.