Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Volume 219, Issue D1, Pages 103-125Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1243/095440705X6399
Keywords
natural gas; LPG; biofuels; physicochemical properties; emission; brake fuel conversion efficiency
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Alternative fuels for both spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines have become very important owing to increased environmental protection concern, the need to reduce dependency on petroleum and even socioeconomic aspects. In the paper a review of alternative fuels for combustion engines has been performed, including physicochemical properties of these fuels, their sources and technological aspects of production, as well as recent data on R&D work and application. Fuels that are most used at present are natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and biofuels, such as transesterified vegetable oils and alcohols (bioethanol). Some species cannot be directly applied as neat fuels, but may be used as additives, e.g. dimethyl ether (DME), alcohols and oxygenates.
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