Journal
BIOFACTORS
Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages 189-195Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520230403
Keywords
alpha-amylase; anthocyanins; alpha-glucosidase; inhibition; lipases; polyphenols; proteases
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The evidence for the effect of polyphenol components of berries on digestive enzymes is reviewed. Anthocyanins inhibit alpha-glucosidase activity and can reduce blood glucose levels after starch- rich meals, a proven clinical therapy for controlling type II diabetes. Ellagitannins inhibit alpha- amylase activity and there is potential for synergistic effects on starch degradation after ingestion of berries such as raspberries and strawberries, which contain substantial amounts of ellagitannins and anthocyanins. A range of berry polyphenols ( e. g. flavonols, anthocyanidins, ellagitannins and proanthocyanidins) can inhibit protease activities at levels which could affect protein digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, potential for the inhibition of gastrointestinal lipase activity, a proven therapeutic target for the control of obesity through reduced fat digestion, may be limited to proanthocyanidins. Taking into account the manifold possible synergies for inhibition of starch, protein and/ or lipid digestion by the spectrum of polyphenol components present within berry species, the inhibition of digestive enzymes by dietary polyphenols may represent an under- reported mechanism for delivering some of the health benefits attributed to a diet rich in fruit and vegetables.
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