Journal
CARBON
Volume 53, Issue -, Pages 357-365Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.022
Keywords
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Funding
- European Science Foundation (ESF) under the EUROCORES Programme EuroGRAPHENE (GOSPEL)
- Humboldt foundation
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In this work we use a chemical approach based on supra-molecular and non-covalent interactions between graphene and 1-pyrenesulfonic acid sodium salt (Py-1SO(3)) to obtain a stable dispersion of graphene by using only water as solvent. The material has been characterized by a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. In particular, an extensive Raman analysis shows that we have similar to 70% few-graphene layers (<7). We also show that the exfoliation efficiency strongly depends on the number of functional groups by comparing suspensions obtained by Py-1SO(3) and 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonic acid (Py-4SO(3)). A strong decrease in the exfoliation yield has been observed by using pyrene with 4 sulphonic groups (Py-4SO(3)), as compared to one sulphonic group (Py-1SO(3)). Being completely water-based, these suspensions can be used as inks for printable tattoo-based electro-chemical sensors. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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